Nkhani

Dziwani zambiri zamakampani a wanlai aposachedwa komanso zambiri zamakampani

Mawonekedwe a Residual Current Devices (RCDs)

Nov-26-2024
magetsi

Zida Zotsalira Zamakono (RCDs), Zomwe zimadziwikanso kuti Residual Current Circuit Breakers (RCCBs), ndi zida zofunika zotetezera zamagetsi zamagetsi. Amateteza anthu kuti asatengeke ndi magetsi komanso amathandiza kupewa moto wobwera chifukwa cha mavuto a magetsi. Ma RCD amagwira ntchito poyang'ana nthawi zonse magetsi omwe akuyenda kudzera mu mawaya. Akaona kuti magetsi ena akutha kumene sayenera kutha, amathimitsa magetsiwo mwamsanga. Kuchitako mwachangu kumeneku kungapulumutse miyoyo mwa kuyimitsa zowopsa za magetsi zisanachitike.

 

Ma RCD ndi othandiza makamaka m'malo omwe madzi ndi magetsi angasakanize, monga mabafa ndi khitchini, chifukwa madzi amatha kuchititsa kuti magetsi azigwedezeka. Ndiwofunikanso pamalo omanga komanso m'malo ena omwe ngozi zamagetsi zitha kuchitika mosavuta. Ma RCD amatha kuzindikira ngakhale ting'onoting'ono ta magetsi tikusokera, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala abwino kwambiri kuteteza anthu. Amagwira ntchito limodzi ndi njira zina zotetezera, monga mawaya oyenera ndi kuyika pansi, kuti magetsi azikhala otetezeka momwe angathere. M'mayiko ambiri, malamulo amafuna kuti ma RCD akhazikitsidwe m'nyumba ndi kuntchito chifukwa ndi abwino kwambiri popewa ngozi. Ponseponse, ma RCD amatenga gawo lofunikira kwambiri kuti magetsi azigwiritsa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku kukhala otetezeka kwambiri.

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Mawonekedwe a Zida Zotsalira Zamakono (Zithunzi za RCDs)

 

Kukhudzika Kwambiri Kutayikira Panopa

 

Ma RCD amapangidwa kuti azizindikira magetsi ochepa kwambiri omwe akupita kumene sayenera kupita. Izi zimatchedwa leakage current. Ma RCD ambiri amatha kuwona kutayikira kwakung'ono ngati 30 milliamp (mA), yomwe ndi gawo laling'ono chabe la magetsi omwe nthawi zambiri amayenda mozungulira. Ma RCD ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo ovuta kwambiri amatha kuzindikira ngakhale 10 mA. Izi mkulu tilinazo n'kofunika chifukwa ngakhale pang'ono magetsi kuyenda mu thupi la munthu akhoza kukhala oopsa. Pozindikira kutayikira kwakung'ono uku, ma RCD amatha kuteteza kugunda kwamagetsi kusanakhale kovulaza. Izi zimapangitsa ma RCD kukhala otetezeka kwambiri kuposa ophwanya pafupipafupi, omwe amangokumana ndi zovuta zazikulu.

 

Njira Yoyenda Mwachangu

 

RCD ikazindikira vuto, imayenera kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu kuti isavulaze. Ma RCD amapangidwa kuti "ayende" kapena kuzimitsa mphamvu pang'onopang'ono. Ma RCD ambiri amatha kudula mphamvu zosakwana 40 milliseconds (ndizo 40 thousandths of the second). Liwiro limeneli ndi lofunika kwambiri chifukwa limatha kusintha kusiyana pakati pa kugwedezeka pang'ono ndi kugwedezeka kwakukulu kapena kupha magetsi. Njira yothamangira mwachangu imagwira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito masiwichi apadera omwe amayamba chifukwa chozindikira kuti madzi akutuluka. Kuchita mwachangu kumeneku ndi komwe kumapangitsa ma RCD kukhala othandiza kwambiri popewa kuvulala kwamagetsi.

 

Kuthekera kokonzanso zokha

 

Ma RCD ambiri amakono amabwera ndi zosintha zokha. Izi zikutanthauza kuti RCD ikadumpha ndipo vutolo litakonzedwa, limatha kuyatsanso popanda wina kuyikhazikitsanso pamanja. Izi ndizothandiza ngati vuto lakanthawi likhoza kupangitsa RCD kuyenda, ngati kukwera kwamphamvu pamvula yamkuntho. Komabe, ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti ngati RCD ikugwedezeka, nthawi zambiri zimatanthawuza kuti pali vuto lomwe liyenera kukonzedwa ndi katswiri wamagetsi. Kukhazikitsanso kodziwikiratu kudapangidwa kuti kukhale koyenera ndi chitetezo, kuwonetsetsa kuti mphamvu imabwezeretsedwanso mwachangu ngati kuli kotetezeka kutero.

 

Batani Loyesa

 

Ma RCD amabwera ndi batani loyesa lomwe limalola ogwiritsa ntchito kuwona ngati chipangizocho chikugwira ntchito bwino. Mukasindikiza batani ili, imapanga kakombo kakang'ono, koyendetsedwa bwino. Izi zimatengera vuto, ndipo ngati RCD ikugwira ntchito moyenera, iyenera kuyenda nthawi yomweyo. Ndibwino kuti muyese ma RCD pafupipafupi, nthawi zambiri kamodzi pamwezi, kuti muwonetsetse kuti akugwira ntchito bwino. Mbali yosavutayi imapatsa ogwiritsa ntchito njira yosavuta yotsimikizira kuti chipangizo chawo chachitetezo chakonzeka kuwateteza ngati vuto lenileni lichitika. Kuyesa pafupipafupi kumathandiza kuthana ndi vuto lililonse ndi RCD yokha pasanakhale zoopsa.

 

Zosankha Zosankha ndi Zochedwa Nthawi

 

Ma RCD ena, makamaka omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mumagetsi akuluakulu kapena ovuta kwambiri, amabwera ndi zosankha zosankhidwa kapena zochedwa nthawi. Zinthu izi zimalola RCD kuti igwirizane ndi zida zina zodzitetezera m'dongosolo. RCD yosankha imatha kusiyanitsa cholakwika m'dera lake ndi cholakwika chopitilira pamzere, ndikupunthwa pokhapokha ngati kuli kofunikira kudzipatula komwe kuli vuto. Ma RCD ochedwetsa nthawi amadikirira kwakanthawi kochepa asanapunthwe, ndikulola kuti mafunde akanthawi adutse popanda kudula mphamvu. Zosankhazi ndizothandiza makamaka m'mafakitale kapena nyumba zazikulu zomwe kusunga magetsi ndikofunikira, komanso komwe magawo angapo achitetezo ali.

 

Ntchito Yapawiri: RCD ndi Circuit Breaker Combined

 

Zipangizo zamakono zambiri zimaphatikiza ntchito za RCD ndi zozungulira pafupipafupi. Izi nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa RCBOs (Residual Current Breaker with Overcurrent protection). Kugwira ntchito ziwirizi kumatanthauza kuti chipangizochi chimatha kuteteza kutayikira kwapano (monga RCD yokhazikika) komanso zochulukira kapena mabwalo amfupi (monga chowotcha wamba). Kuphatikizika kumeneku kumapulumutsa malo mumagulu amagetsi ndipo kumapereka chitetezo chokwanira mu chipangizo chimodzi. Ndiwothandiza makamaka m'nyumba ndi mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono pomwe malo amagetsi atha kukhala ochepa.

 

Makonda Osiyanasiyana a Ntchito Zosiyanasiyana

 

Ma RCD amabwera ndi mavoti osiyanasiyana kuti agwirizane ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Chiyerekezo chodziwika bwino chogwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba ndi 30 mA, chomwe chimapereka malire abwino pakati pa chitetezo ndi kupewa kuyenda kosafunikira. Komabe, muzochitika zina, kukhudzidwa kosiyana kumafunika. Mwachitsanzo, m'mafakitale omwe makina akuluakulu amagwiritsidwa ntchito, njira yokwera kwambiri (monga 100 kapena 300 mA) ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kupewa kugunda kwamavuto komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha makinawo. Kumbali ina, m'malo ovuta kwambiri monga maiwe osambira kapena zipatala, mafunde otsika (monga 10 mA) atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito poteteza kwambiri. Zomverera zosiyanasiyanazi zimalola ma RCD kukhala ogwirizana ndi zosowa zenizeni zamadera osiyanasiyana.

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Mapeto

 

Zida Zotsalira Zamakono (RCDs)ndizofunikira pachitetezo chamagetsi m'nyumba zathu ndi m'malo antchito. Amazindikira mwachangu ndikuletsa kutayikira kowopsa kwa magetsi, kuteteza kugwedezeka ndi moto. Ndi mawonekedwe monga kukhudzika kwakukulu, kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu, komanso kuyesa kosavuta, ma RCD amapereka chitetezo chodalirika. Atha kugwira ntchito m'malo osiyanasiyana, kuchokera kuzipinda zosambira kupita ku mafakitale, kutengera zosowa zosiyanasiyana. Ma RCD ena amaphatikizanso ntchito zingapo, kuzipanga kukhala zothandiza kwambiri. Kuyesa pafupipafupi kumathandiza kuwonetsetsa kuti ali okonzeka nthawi zonse kutiteteza. Pamene timagwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamagetsi zambiri pamoyo wathu watsiku ndi tsiku, ma RCD amakhala ofunika kwambiri. Amatipatsa mtendere wamumtima podziwa kuti ndife otetezedwa ku ngozi zamagetsi. Ponseponse, ma RCD amatenga gawo lofunikira kuti titetezeke pamagetsi.

 

 

Titumizireni uthenga

Mukhozanso Kukonda