Isi yatemba ku nkombe z'umuzunguruko: kuzamura umutekano w'amashanyarazi binyuze mu gutahura no gukumira amakosa y'ubutaka

An Isi Leakage Breakerit Kumena (ElCB)ni igikoresho cyumutekano cyamashanyarazi cyakozwe kugirango kirinde kwirinda amashanyarazi no gukumira umuriro w'amashanyarazi. Mu kumenya no guhagarika guhagarika urujya n'uruza rw'ibi byabaye ku isi yatemba cyangwa amakosa, elcbs bagira uruhare runini mu kuzamura umutekano mu bidukikije bitandukanye. Iyi ngingo isize amahame yakazi, ubwoko, porogaramu, ninyungu za elcbs, ishimangira akamaro kazo mu mutekano w'amashanyarazi.

AnIsi Yavugije?

Isi yasohotse breakeriit Kumena (ElCB) yagenewe kumenya no gusubiza imiryango itemba ihunze kwishyiriraho amashanyarazi kugeza hasi. Izi nzira zitemba, nubwo ari nto, zishobora gutera ingaruka zikomeye, harimo guhungabanya amashanyarazi n'amashanyarazi. ELCB ikurikirana itandukaniro muri iki gihe hagati yibikorwa (live) no kutabogama byabayobozi b'umuzunguruko. Niba ubusumbane bwagaragaye, byerekana ko hari ibizunguruka ku isi, ingendo za Elcb Urugendo rw'umuzunguruko, rugabanya amashanyarazi kugira ngo bakumire kandi ingaruka zishoboka.

Nigute akazi ka elcb?

ELCBS ikorera ku ihame ryo gutahura. Bakomeje gukurikirana ikirundo kinyura mubikorwa bikora kandi bitabogamye. Mubihe bisanzwe, ubungubu itemba mumuzunguruko binyuze mumurimo ukora igomba kunganya kugaruka binyuze mubuyobozi butabogamye. Niba hari itandukaniro, ryerekana ko umurongo utemba ku isi.

ELCB ikubiyemo impinduka zubu zigaragaza ubusumbane. Iyo ibinyuranye birenga umwanya wabanjirije, mubisanzwe 30ma, elcb itera uburyo bwo guhuza umuhango, bityo bigahagarika imigezi yiki gihe no kugabanya ibyago byo gutungurwa cyangwa umuriro.

Ubwoko bw'isi Leakage Kumenagura Umuzunguruko

Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwibanze bwa elcbs: Voltage Isi yarubisheje imizunguruko (voltage elcbs) hamwe nisi ya none abahungu bambuka imizunguruko (elcbs zubu), zizwi kandi nkibikoresho bisigaye (RCDs).

Voltage isi yakunyweho umuzunguruko (voltage encbs)

Voltage elcbs yagenewe gukurikirana voltage kumuyobora wisi. Niba voltage irenze umupaka runaka, byerekana umurongo ugezweho, elcob azagenda umuzunguruko. Ubu bwoko bwa elcbs ntisanzwe muri iki gihe kandi hakunze gusimburwa ninkomoko yubu kubera aho ubushobozi runaka bugarukira, nkibidashoboka kumenya imigezi ntoya yatemba neza neza.

Isi iriho kumena umuzunguruko (elcbs zigezweho cyangwa rcds)

Inkweto zigezweho, cyangwa ibikoresho bisigaye (RCDs), bikoreshwa cyane kandi bifatwa nkibyizerwa. Bakurikirana ubusumbane hagati yumuryango uzima kandi utabogamye. Iyo ikiricyo kimenyerewe, rcd ingendo zumuziki. ELCB YUBU MUNSI CYANE KANDI ZISHOBORA GUKORA INZIRA NTUMO NTUMANYE, Gutanga uburinzi bwongerewe.

Gusaba Isi Leakage Kumenagura Umuzunguruko

ELCBS ni ingenzi mubidukikije aho umutekano wamashanyarazi urimo kwifuza. Ni ngombwa cyane cyane mubidukikije bitose cyangwa bitose aho ibyago byo guhanga amashanyarazi ari byinshi. Porogaramu nyamukuru zirimo:

Gukoresha

• Ubwiherero:Mu bwiherero, aho amazi n'amashanyarazi bifitanye isano, ibyago byo guhungabanya amashanyarazi ari hejuru. ELCBS itanga uburinzi bwingenzi uhagarika vuba imbaraga mugihe habaye kumeneka.
• Igikoni:Igikoni ni ikindi gice kigira ingaruka ziterwa no kubaho kw'amazi n'amashanyarazi. Elcbs ifasha gukumira amashanyarazi n'amashanyarazi.
• Uturere two hanze:Ibicuruzwa byo hanze, nko kumurika ubusitani nimbaraga, bihura nikirere, bituma bashobora kuba imbogamizi. Elcbs zemeza umutekano muri utwo turere.
• Ibibanza byubaka:Ibibanza byubaka akenshi bigira amashanyarazi byigihe gito kandi bihura nibibazo bikaze. ELCBS irinda abakozi mu mashanyarazi no gukumira umuriro w'amashanyarazi.
• Ibikoresho byo gukora:Mu buryo bw'inganda, aho imashini n'ibikoresho biremereye bikoreshwa, ELCBs itanga uburinzi ku miyoboro iteshwa imigezi yashoboraga kuganisha ku bihe bibi.
• Ibitaro:Ibitaro bisaba ingamba zishingiye ku mutekano w'amashanyarazi mu kurinda abarwayi n'abakozi b'ubuvuzi. ELCBS ni ngombwa kugirango ushimangire amashanyarazi neza mu bidukikije.
• Amashuri:Inzego z'uburezi, hamwe n'amashanyarazi menshi, kugirira akamaro ku nkombe mu kurinda abanyeshuri n'abakozi mu bihe bishobora kugoreka amashanyarazi.
• Amato na Yachts:Ibidukikije byo mu nyanja byerekana ibibazo byihariye byamahoro byumutekano kubera guhura namazi n'umunyu. ELCBS ni ngombwa mu mato hamwe n'ubwato bwo kurinda abakozi n'abagenzi mu mashanyarazi bakakumira inkongi y'umuriro.
• Ihuriro rya Offshore:Offshore peteroli ya peteroli hamwe numurima wumuyaga ukorera mumiterere mibi, utose aho umutekano wamashanyarazi urimo kwifuza. ELCBS ifasha kurinda umutekano w'abakozi n'ibikoresho mu kumenya no guhagarika imigezi.
• Sisitemu yo kuhira:Sisitemu yo kuhira ubuhinzi akenshi ikubiyemo gukoresha amazi hafi y'amashanyarazi. ELCBS itanga uburinzi bw'ingenzi ku byago by'amashanyarazi, kureba umutekano w'abahinzi n'amatungo.
• Greenhouses:Greenhouses Koresha ibikoresho bitandukanye byamashanyarazi yo gushyushya, gucana, na sisitemu yikora. ELCBS irinda ibi bikoresho kurwanya imigezi itemba, kugabanya ibyago byo kuzimya no kugenzura imikorere myiza.

Gukoresha ubucuruzi n'inganda

Gukoresha rusange no mu nzego

Gukoresha Marine no hanze

Gukoresha Ubuhinzi no guhinga

Inyungu Zisi Kumena Umuzunguruko

Isi yamenetse kumena umuzunguruko (elcbs) itanga inyungu zitandukanye zituma zitangazwa kugirango umutekano wamashanyarazi. Ubushobozi bwabo bwo kumenya no guhita basubiza inyungu zometseho bitanga inyungu nyinshi, harimo umutekano wiyongereye, ibihe byihuse byo gusubiza, guhuza, guhuza, no kubahiriza ibicuruzwa. Hasi ni ureba ibyimbitse ku nyungu zingenzi za ELCB:

Umutekano wongerewe umutekano

Inyungu yibanze ya elcbs yongerewe umutekano. Mu kumenya no guhagarika imigezi yamenetse, elcb irinda abantu amashanyarazi kandi bakumira inkongi y'umuriro, kugabanya cyane ingaruka z'impanuka.

Igisubizo cyihuse

Elcbs yagenewe gusubiza vuba imigezi. Iki gisubizo cyihuse cyemeza ko ingaruka zishobora guhungabana vuba, gukumira ibyangiritse cyangwa igikomere.

Bitandukanye

ELCBS ni itandukanye kandi irashobora gukoreshwa muburyo butandukanye, uhereye amazu yo gutura mu nganda. Ubu buryo butandukanye butuma babigize muri sisitemu yumutekano wamashanyarazi mubidukikije bitandukanye.

Kubahiriza amahame yumutekano

Gukoresha elcb bifasha kwemeza ko yubahiriza amahame n'amashanyarazi. Ibi ni ngombwa cyane kubucuruzi ninzego bigomba kubahiriza ibisabwa byumutekano.

Igiciro cyiza

Mugihe ishoramari ryambere muri elcbs rishobora kuba rirenze abo mu bahungu basanzwe, inyungu z'igihe kirekire, harimo umutekano wongerewe no gukumira umutekano no gukumira impanuka zihenze, bibagire igisubizo cyiza.

Isi yasohotse breakeriit Kumena (Elcb) nigikoresho cyingenzi cyo kwemeza umutekano wamashanyarazi no gukumira ingaruka. Mu kumenya no guhagarika imigezi ya Leakage, Elcb irinda amashanyarazi n'amashanyarazi, bikaba ari ngombwa mu bidukikije bitandukanye, cyane cyane mu turere dutose cyangwa dutose. Gusobanukirwa ubwoko, porogaramu, n'inyungu za Elcbs byerekana uruhare rwabo mu kuzamura umutekano no kubahiriza amahame y'amashanyarazi. Gushora muri elcbs nigipimo gikwiye gitanga amahoro yo mumutima kandi kigira uruhare mubidukikije byiza kandi bigakora.