Ibiranga ibikoresho bisigaye bigezweho (RCDs)

Ibikoresho bisigaye (RCDs), bizwi kandi nka Residual Current Circuit Breakers (RCCBs), nibikoresho byingenzi byumutekano muri sisitemu yamashanyarazi. Barinda abantu inkuba kandi bagafasha gukumira umuriro uterwa nibibazo by'amashanyarazi. RCDs ikora ihora igenzura amashanyarazi anyura mu nsinga. Niba babonye ko amashanyarazi ameneka aho atagomba, bahita bazimya amashanyarazi. Iki gikorwa cyihuse kirashobora kurokora ubuzima muguhagarika amashanyarazi akaga mbere yuko biba.

RCDs ni ingirakamaro cyane cyane ahantu amazi n’amashanyarazi bishobora kuvanga, nkubwiherero nigikoni, kuko amazi ashobora gutera amashanyarazi cyane. Zifite akamaro kandi ahazubakwa nahandi hantu impanuka zamashanyarazi zishobora kubaho byoroshye. RCDs irashobora kumenya n’amashanyarazi makeya yayobye, bigatuma bakora neza cyane kurinda abantu umutekano. Bakorana nizindi ngamba zumutekano, nkinsinga zikwiye hamwe nubutaka, kugirango amashanyarazi akore neza bishoboka. Mu bihugu byinshi, amategeko asaba RCD gushyirwaho mu ngo no ku kazi kuko ari byiza cyane mu gukumira impanuka. Muri rusange, RCDs igira uruhare runini mugukoresha amashanyarazi ya buri munsi umutekano kurushaho.

Ibiranga ibikoresho bisigaye bigezweho (RCDs)

Ibyiyumvo Byinshi Kumeneka Yubu

RCDs yashizweho kugirango tumenye amashanyarazi make cyane agenda aho atagomba. Ibi byitwa kumeneka. RCDs nyinshi zishobora kubona imyanda ntoya nka 30 milliamps (mA), ni agace gato k'amashanyarazi asanzwe atemba. RCDs zimwe zikoreshwa mubice bidasanzwe-zishobora no gutahura nka mA 10. Uku kwiyumvisha cyane ni ngombwa kuko n’amashanyarazi make atembera mu mubiri w'umuntu birashobora guteza akaga. Mugutahura utwo dusimba duto, RCDs irashobora gukumira amashanyarazi mbere yuko yangiza. Iyi mikorere ituma RCDs itekanye cyane kuruta kumena ibisanzwe bisanzwe, byakira gusa ibibazo binini cyane.

Uburyo bwihuta bwo gutembera

Iyo RCD ibonye ikibazo, igomba gukora vuba kugirango ikumire. RCDs yagenewe "gutembera" cyangwa kuzimya ingufu mugice cyamasegonda. RCDs nyinshi zirashobora kugabanya ingufu muri milisegonda zitarenze 40 (ibyo ni ibihumbi 40 byamasegonda). Uyu muvuduko ni ingenzi cyane kuko ushobora gukora itandukaniro riri hagati yo guhungabana byoroheje no gukomeretsa amashanyarazi akomeye cyangwa yica. Uburyo bwihuta bwo gukora bukora ukoresheje switch idasanzwe iterwa no kumenya imiyoboro yamenetse. Iki gikorwa cyihuse nicyo gituma RCDs ikora neza mukurinda gukomeretsa amashanyarazi.

Gusubiramo byikora

RCD nyinshi zigezweho ziza zifite uburyo bwo gusubiramo byikora. Ibi bivuze ko RCD imaze gukandagira kandi ikibazo kimaze gukemuka, irashobora kwisubiraho nta muntu ugomba kuyisubiramo intoki. Ibi bifasha mubihe aho ikibazo cyigihe gito gishobora kuba cyaratumye RCD igenda, nkumuriro mwinshi mugihe inkuba. Ariko, ni ngombwa kumenya ko niba RCD ikomeje kugenda, mubisanzwe bivuze ko hari ikibazo gihoraho kigomba gukemurwa numuyagankuba. Ikirangantego cyo gusubiramo cyikora cyagenewe kuringaniza ibyoroshye n'umutekano, kureba neza ko imbaraga zagaruwe vuba mugihe ari byiza kubikora.

Ikizamini

RCDs izanye na bouton yikizamini yemerera abakoresha kugenzura niba igikoresho gikora neza. Iyo ukanze iyi buto, irema akantu gato, kagenzurwa kumashanyarazi. Ibi bigereranya imiterere yikosa, kandi niba RCD ikora neza, igomba guhita igenda. Birasabwa gupima RCD buri gihe, mubisanzwe nka rimwe mukwezi, kugirango barebe ko ikora neza. Iyi mikorere yoroshye iha abakoresha inzira yoroshye yo kugenzura ko ibikoresho byabo byumutekano byiteguye kubarinda niba habaye amakosa nyayo. Kwipimisha buri gihe bifasha gukemura ibibazo byose na RCD ubwayo mbere yuko havuka ikibazo kibi.

Guhitamo no Gutinda Igihe

RCDs zimwe, cyane cyane izikoreshwa muri sisitemu nini cyangwa nyinshi zigoye amashanyarazi, ziza zifite amahitamo cyangwa yatinze igihe. Ibiranga byemerera RCD guhuza nibindi bikoresho birinda sisitemu. RCD yatoranijwe irashobora gutandukanya ikosa mumuzunguruko waryo hamwe nikosa rikomeza kumurongo, kugendagenda gusa mugihe bibaye ngombwa gutandukanya akarere ikibazo. RCDs yatinze igihe itegereza igihe gito mbere yo gukandagira, ituma umuvuduko wigihe gito utambuka utagabanije ingufu. Ihitamo ni ingirakamaro cyane mubikorwa byinganda cyangwa inyubako nini aho kubungabunga amashanyarazi ari ngombwa, kandi aho usanga ibyiciro byinshi byo kurinda biri.

Imikorere ibiri: RCD na Breaking Circuit Byahujwe

Ibikoresho byinshi bigezweho bihuza imikorere ya RCD niyimikorere isanzwe yameneka. Ibi bikunze kwitwa RCBOs (Ibisigisigi byubu bisigaye hamwe no kurinda birenze urugero). Iyi mikorere ibiri isobanura igikoresho gishobora kurinda ibintu byombi bitemba (nka RCD isanzwe) hamwe nuburemere burenze cyangwa imiyoboro ngufi (nka breaker isanzwe). Iyi mikorere ikomatanyije ibika umwanya mumashanyarazi kandi itanga uburinzi bwuzuye mugikoresho kimwe. Ni ingirakamaro cyane mumazu no mubucuruzi buto aho umwanya wibikoresho byamashanyarazi bishobora kuba bike.

Ibipimo bitandukanye byo kwiyumvisha ibintu bitandukanye

RCDs izana ibyiyumvo bitandukanye kugirango ihuze na porogaramu zitandukanye. Igipimo gikunze gukoreshwa murugo ni 30 mA, itanga uburinganire bwiza hagati yumutekano no kwirinda gutembera bitari ngombwa. Ariko, mubihe bimwe na bimwe, hakenewe sensitivité zitandukanye. Kurugero, mubikorwa byinganda aho imashini nini zikoreshwa, ingendo ndende (nka 100 cyangwa 300 mA) irashobora gukoreshwa kugirango wirinde gutembera guterwa n imikorere isanzwe yimashini. Kurundi ruhande, ahantu hihariye cyane nko koga cyangwa ibigo byubuvuzi, ingendo zo hasi (nka 10 mA) zishobora gukoreshwa mumutekano muke. Uru rutonde rwibyiyumvo byemerera RCD guhuza ibikenewe byihariye bidukikije.

Umwanzuro

Ibikoresho bisigaye (RCDs)ni ngombwa mu mutekano w'amashanyarazi mu ngo zacu no ku kazi. Bahita bamenya kandi bahagarike amashanyarazi akaga, birinda inkuba numuriro. Hamwe nibintu nka sensibilité yo hejuru, ibikorwa byihuse, hamwe no kugerageza byoroshye, RCDs itanga uburinzi bwizewe. Barashobora gukora ahantu hatandukanye, kuva mubwiherero kugeza muruganda, guhuza nibikenewe bitandukanye. RCDs zimwe zirahuza imikorere myinshi, zikagira akamaro cyane. Kwipimisha buri gihe bifasha kumenya ko bahora biteguye kuturinda. Mugihe dukoresha ibikoresho byinshi byamashanyarazi mubuzima bwacu bwa buri munsi, RCDs iba ikomeye cyane. Baduha amahoro yo mumutima, tuzi ko dukingiwe akaga k'amashanyarazi. Muri rusange, RCDs igira uruhare runini mukurinda umutekano w'amashanyarazi.