Izaphuli zeSekethe zokuvuza koMhlaba: Ukuphucula uKhuseleko loMbane ngokuFumana kunye noThintelo lweempazamo ezisemhlabeni.

An ISaphuli seSekethe sokuvuza koMhlaba (ELCB)sisixhobo sokhuseleko sombane esibalulekileyo esenzelwe ukukhusela ukutshatyalaliswa kombane kunye nokuthintela ukutsha kombane. Ngokufumanisa kunye nokuphazamisa ngokukhawuleza ukuhamba kwangoku xa kwenzeka ukuvuza komhlaba okanye umhlaba, ii-ELCBs zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni ukhuseleko kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Eli nqaku lingena kwimigaqo yokusebenza, iintlobo, izicelo, kunye neenzuzo ze-ELCBs, zigxininisa ukubaluleka kwazo kukhuseleko lombane.

Yintoni iEarth Leakage Circuit Breaker?

I-Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker (ELCB) yenzelwe ukukhangela kwaye iphendule kwimisinga evuzayo ephuma kufakelo lombane emhlabeni. Le misinga yokuvuza, nokuba incinci, inokubeka imingcipheko ebalulekileyo, kubandakanywa ukothuka kombane kunye nemililo yombane. I-ELCB ibeka iliso kumahluko okhoyo phakathi kwabaqhubi abasebenzayo (abaphilayo) kunye nabangathathi hlangothi besekethe. Ukuba kufunyaniswe ukungalingani, kubonisa ukuba umsinga othile uvuza emhlabeni, i-ELCB ijikeleza isekethe, inqumle unikezelo lwamandla ukuthintela ukuvuza okungakumbi kunye neengozi ezinokubakho.

Isebenza Njani I-ELCB?

Ii-ELCBs zisebenza kumgaqo wokubona umahluko ngoku. Bahlala bebeka iliso ngokuqhubekayo kubaqhubi abasebenzayo nabangathathi hlangothi. Ngaphantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, i-current flowing kwisekethe ngokusebenzisa umqhubi osebenzayo kufuneka ilingane nokubuya kwangoku ngokusebenzisa umqhubi ongathathi hlangothi. Ukuba kukho nakuphi na ukungangqinelani, oko kubonisa ukuvuza kwangoku kumpompoza emhlabeni.

I-ELCB iqulethe i-transformer yangoku ebona oku kungalingani. Xa umahluko wangoku ugqitha umda osele ubekiwe, ngokuqhelekileyo oyi-30mA, i-ELCB ixhokonxa indlela yokuhanjiswa kombane eqhawula isekethe, ngaloo ndlela imise ukuhamba komsinga kwaye ithomalalise umngcipheko wokothuka kombane okanye umlilo.

Iindidi zokuvuza kweSekethe zokuvuza kwamaqhekeza

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zee-ELCBs: I-Voltage Earth Leakage Circuit Breakers (i-voltage ELCBs) kunye ne-Current Earth Leakage Circuit Breakers (i-ELCBs yangoku), eyaziwa ngokuba yi-Residual Current Devices (RCDs).

IVoltage Earth Leakage Circuit Breakers (Voltage ELCBs)

I-Voltage ELCBs yenzelwe ukujonga umbane kumqhubi womhlaba. Ukuba i-voltage idlula umda othile, ebonisa ukuvuza kwangoku, i-ELCB iya kukhwela isiphaluka. Ezi ntlobo ze-ELCBs azixhaphakanga namhlanje kwaye ziye zatshintshwa kakhulu yi-ELCBs yangoku ngenxa yemida ethile, njengokungakwazi ukufumanisa ukuvuza okuncinci ngokufanelekileyo.

Izaphuli zeSekethe zangoku ezivuzayo (ii-ELCB zangoku okanye ii-RCDs)

I-ELCBs yangoku, okanye i-Residual Current Devices (RCDs), zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwaye zibhekwa njengezithembekileyo. Bajonga ukungalingani phakathi kwemisinga ephilayo kunye nengathathi hlangothi. Xa i-different current ifunyenwe, i-RCD ijikeleza isiphaluka. Ii-ELCB zangoku zinovakalelo kwaye ziyakwazi ukubona imisinga yokuvuza encinci, inika ukhuseleko olongeziweyo.

Usetyenziso lwe-Earth Leakage Circuit Breakers

Ii-ELCBs zibalulekile kwindawo apho ukhuseleko lombane lubaluleke kakhulu. Zibaluleke kakhulu kwiindawo ezimanzi okanye ezimanzi apho umngcipheko weengozi zombane uphezulu. Usetyenziso oluphambili lubandakanya:

Ukusetyenziswa kwendawo yokuhlala

• Amagumbi okuhlambela:Kwiindawo zokuhlambela, apho amanzi kunye nezixhobo zombane zihlala khona, umngcipheko wokutshatyalaliswa kombane uphezulu. Ii-ELCBs zibonelela ngokhuseleko oluyimfuneko ngokuqhawula umbane ngokukhawuleza xa kukho ukuvuza.
• Iikhitshi:Amakhitshi yenye indawo enomngcipheko omkhulu ngenxa yobukho bamanzi kunye nezixhobo zombane. Ii-ELCBs zinceda ukuthintela ukothuka kombane kunye nemililo yombane.
• Iindawo eziNgaphandle:Ufakelo lombane lwangaphandle, olufana nezibane zasegadini kunye neendawo zombane, zivezwa kwiimeko zemozulu, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuvuza. I-ELCBs iqinisekisa ukhuseleko kwezi ndawo.
• Iindawo zokwakha:Iindawo zokwakha zihlala zinofakelo lombane lwexeshana kwaye zichanabeka kwiimeko ezinzima. Ii-ELCBs zikhusela abasebenzi kwizothuso zombane kwaye zithintela imililo yombane.
• Izixhobo zokuVelisa:Kwiimeko zoshishino, apho kusetyenziswa oomatshini abanzima kunye nezixhobo, i-ELCBs ibonelela ngokhuseleko kwimisinga yokuvuza enokuthi iholele kwiimeko ezinobungozi.
• Izibhedlele:Izibhedlele zifuna amanyathelo angqongqo okhuseleko lombane ukukhusela izigulane kunye nabasebenzi bezonyango. Ii-ELCBs zibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukufakelwa kombane okukhuselekileyo kwiindawo zonyango.
• Izikolo:Amaziko emfundo, anofakelo oluninzi lombane, axhamla kwii-ELCBs ukukhusela abafundi kunye nabasebenzi kwiingozi ezinokubakho zombane.
• Iinqanawa kunye neeYachts:Imimandla yaselwandle ibeka imingeni ekhethekileyo yokhuseleko lombane ngenxa yokuvezwa rhoqo kumanzi netyuwa. Ii-ELCBs zibalulekile kwiinqanawe kunye neeyachts ukukhusela amalungu eqela kunye nabakhweli kwizinto ezothusayo zombane kunye nokuthintela imililo yombane.
• Iiplatform zangaphandle konxweme:Izixhobo ze-oyile ezingaselunxwemeni kunye neefama zomoya zisebenza kwiimeko ezinzima, ezimanzi apho ukhuseleko lombane lubaluleke kakhulu. I-ELCBs inceda ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi kunye nezixhobo ngokufumanisa kunye nokuphazamisa ukuvuza kwamanzi.
• Iinkqubo zokunkcenkceshela:Iinkqubo zokunkcenkceshela kwezolimo zihlala zibandakanya ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwamanzi kufutshane nofakelo lombane. Ii-ELCBs zibonelela ngokhuseleko oluyimfuneko kwiingozi zombane, ziqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwamafama nemfuyo.
• Iindawo zokuhlala:Iindawo zokugcina izityalo zisebenzisa izixhobo zombane ezahlukeneyo ukufudumeza, ukukhanyisa, kunye neenkqubo ezizisebenzelayo. Ii-ELCBs zikhusela olu fakelo kwimisinga yokuvuza, ukunciphisa umngcipheko womlilo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo.

Usetyenziso lwezoRhwebo kunye noShishino

Ukusetyenziswa koLuntu kunye neZiko

Ukusetyenziswa eLwandle kunye naseLwandle

Usetyenziso lwezoLimo nokuFama

IiNzuzo zokuvuza kweeSekethe zokuVuza kwamaQela

I-Earth Leakage Circuit Breakers (ELCBs) ibonelela ngoluhlu lweenzuzo ezenza ukuba zibe yimfuneko ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko lombane. Ukukwazi kwabo ukufumanisa kunye nokuphendula ngokukhawuleza kwimisinga yokuvuza kubonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi, kubandakanywa ukhuseleko oluphuculweyo, amaxesha okuphendula ngokukhawuleza, ukuguquguquka, ukuthotyelwa kokulawula, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko. Apha ngezantsi kujongwe nzulu kwiingenelo eziphambili zee-ELCBs:

Ukhuseleko olomeleziweyo

Inzuzo ephambili yee-ELCBs kukhuseleko olongeziweyo. Ngokufumanisa kunye nokuphazamisa imisinga yokuvuza, i-ELCBs ikhusela abantu ekutshitshisweni kombane kunye nokuthintela imililo yombane, ukunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko weengozi.

Ukuphendula ngokukhawuleza

I-ELCBs yenzelwe ukuphendula ngokukhawuleza kwimisinga yokuvuza. Le mpendulo ikhawulezayo iqinisekisa ukuba nayiphi na ingozi enokwenzeka incitshiswa ngokukhawuleza, ukuthintela umonakalo ongakumbi okanye ukwenzakala.

Ukuguquguquka

Ii-ELCBs zinezinto ezininzi kwaye zinokusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwizindlu zokuhlala ukuya kwiindawo zoshishino. Oku kuguquguquka kubenza babe yinxalenye ebalulekileyo kwiinkqubo zokhuseleko zombane kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo.

Ukuthotyelwa kweMigangatho yoKhuseleko

Ukusebenzisa i-ELCBs kunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yokhuseleko lombane kunye nemimiselo. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi kumashishini nakumaziko ekufuneka ebambelele kwiimfuno ezingqongqo zokhuseleko.

Isebenza kakuhle emalini

Ngelixa utyalo-mali lokuqala kwi-ELCBs lunokuba luphezulu kunama-breaker circuit breakers, iinzuzo zexesha elide, kubandakanywa ukhuseleko oluphuculweyo kunye nokuthintela iingozi ezibizayo, zenza ukuba zibe isisombululo esineendleko.

I-Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker (ELCB) sisixhobo esiyimfuneko sokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lombane kunye nokuthintela iingozi. Ngokufumanisa kunye nokuphazamisa imisinga yokuvuza, i-ELCBs ikhusela ukutshatyalaliswa kombane kunye nomlilo wombane, okwenza ukuba kubaluleke kakhulu kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezimanzi okanye ezimanzi. Ukuqonda iintlobo, izicelo, kunye neenzuzo ze-ELCBs zigxininisa indima yazo ebalulekileyo ekwandiseni ukhuseleko kunye nokuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yombane. Utyalo-mali kwii-ELCBs linyathelo elisebenzayo elinika uxolo lwengqondo kwaye libe negalelo kwindawo ekhuselekileyo yokuhlala kunye nokusebenza.