Izici Zamadivayisi Amanje Ayinsalela (ama-RCD)

Amadivayisi Amanje Ayinsalela (ama-RCD), aziwa nangokuthi ama-Residual Current Circuit Breakers (RCCBs), angamathuluzi abalulekile okuphepha ezinhlelweni zikagesi. Zivikela abantu ekushayweni kukagesi futhi zisize ekuvimbeleni imililo ebangelwa izinkinga zikagesi. Ama-RCD asebenza ngokuhlola njalo ugesi ogeleza ngezintambo. Uma bebona ukuthi ugesi othile uvuza lapho okungafanele uvuze khona, basheshe bawuvale. Lesi senzo esisheshayo singasindisa izimpilo ngokumisa ukushaqeka kukagesi okuyingozi ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke.

Ama-RCD awusizo ikakhulukazi ezindaweni lapho amanzi nogesi kungase kuxubane khona, njengezindlu zangasese namakhishi, ngoba amanzi angenza ukushaqeka kukagesi kwenzeke kakhulu. Zibalulekile nasezindaweni zokwakha nakwezinye izindawo lapho izingozi zikagesi zingenzeka khona kalula. Ama-RCD angakwazi ukubona ngisho nenani elincane likagesi elidukayo, okuwenza abe mahle kakhulu ekugcineni abantu bephephile. Zisebenza ngokuhambisana nezinye izindlela zokuphepha, njengezintambo ezifanele kanye nokubeka phansi, ukwenza amasistimu kagesi aphephe ngangokunokwenzeka. Emazweni amaningi, imithetho idinga ukuthi ama-RCD afakwe ezindlini nasezindaweni zokusebenza ngoba anekhono kakhulu ekuvimbeleni izingozi. Sekukonke, ama-RCD adlala indima ebalulekile ekwenzeni ukusebenzisa kwethu ugesi nsuku zonke kuphephe kakhulu.

Izici Zamadivayisi Amanje Ayinsalela (Ama-RCD)

Ukuzwela Okuphezulu Ekuvuzeni Kwamanje

Ama-RCD aklanyelwe ukuthola amanani amancane kakhulu kagesi ahamba lapho okungafanele ahambe khona. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuvuza kwamanje. Ama-RCD amaningi angabona ukuvuza kuncane njengamamilimitha angu-30 (mA), okuyingxenye encane kagesi evame ukugeleza kusekethe. Amanye ama-RCD asetshenziswa ezindaweni ezizwela kakhulu angathola ngisho nokuncane okufika ku-10 mA. Lokhu kuzwela okuphezulu kubalulekile ngoba ngisho nenani elincane likagesi ogeleza emzimbeni womuntu lingaba yingozi. Ngokuthola lokhu kuvuza okuncane, ama-RCD angavimbela ukushaqeka kukagesi ngaphambi kokuba kube yingozi. Lesi sici senza ama-RCD aphephe kakhulu kunama-circuit breaker, asabela kuphela ezinkingeni ezinkulu kakhulu.

Fast Tripping Mechanism

Uma i-RCD ithola inkinga, idinga ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha ukuvimbela ukulimala. Ama-RCD aklanyelwe "ukuhamba" noma ukuvala amandla ngengxenyana yomzuzwana. Ama-RCD amaningi anganqamula amandla ngaphansi kwama-millisecond angama-40 (lokho okungama-40 thousandths wesekhondi). Lesi sivinini sibalulekile ngoba singenza umehluko phakathi kokushaqeka okuncane kanye nokushaqeka kukagesi okungathi sína noma okubulalayo. Indlela yokushesha isebenza ngokusebenzisa iswishi ekhethekile eqalwa ukutholwa kokuvuza kwamandla. Lesi senzo esisheshayo yisona esenza ama-RCD aphumelele kangaka ekuvimbeleni ukulimala kukagesi.

Ukusetha kabusha okuzenzakalelayo amandla

Ama-RCD amaningi esimanje afika nesici sokusetha kabusha ngokuzenzakalelayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngemva kokuba i-RCD ikhubekile futhi inkinga isilungisiwe, ingakwazi ukuzivula ngaphandle kokuthi othile ayisethe kabusha mathupha. Lokhu kuwusizo ezimweni lapho inkinga yesikhashana ingase ibangele i-RCD ukuba ihambe, njengokuhamba kwamandla ngesikhathi sokuduma kwezulu. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi uma i-RCD iqhubeka nokukhubeka, ngokuvamile kusho ukuthi kunenkinga eqhubekayo okudingeka ilungiswe umuntu osebenza ngogesi. Isici sokusetha kabusha okuzenzakalelayo siklanyelwe ukulinganisa ukufaneleka nokuphepha, ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi amandla abuyiselwa ngokushesha uma kuphephile ukwenza kanjalo.

Inkinobho Yokuhlola

Ama-RCD eza nenkinobho yokuhlola evumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bahlole ukuthi idivayisi isebenza kahle yini. Uma ucindezela le nkinobho, idala ukuvuza okuncane okulawulwayo. Lokhu kulingisa isimo sephutha, futhi uma i-RCD isebenza kahle, kufanele ikhubeke ngokushesha. Kunconywa ukuhlola ama-RCD njalo, ngokuvamile cishe kanye ngenyanga, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi asebenza kahle. Lesi sici esilula sinikeza abasebenzisi indlela elula yokuqinisekisa ukuthi idivayisi yabo yokuphepha isilungele ukubavikela uma kwenzeka iphutha langempela. Ukuhlola okuvamile kusiza ukubamba noma yiziphi izinkinga nge-RCD ngokwayo ngaphambi kokuba kuvele isimo esiyingozi.

Izinketho Ezikhethiwe Nezibambezele Isikhathi

Amanye ama-RCD, ikakhulukazi lawo asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zikagesi ezinkulu noma eziyinkimbinkimbi, eza nezinketho ezikhethiwe noma ezibambezeleke isikhathi. Lezi zici zivumela i-RCD ukuthi ixhumane namanye amathuluzi okuvikela ohlelweni. I-RCD ekhethiwe ingakwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwephutha kumjikelezo wayo kanye nephutha ngokuya phansi komugqa, ikhubeke kuphela lapho kudingekile ukuze ihlukanise indawo yenkinga. Ama-RCD abambezeleke isikhathi alinda isikhashana ngaphambi kokukhubeka, okuvumela ukuhlinza kwesikhashana ukuthi kudlule ngaphandle kokusika amandla. Lezi zinketho ziwusizo ikakhulukazi kuzilungiselelo zezimboni noma izakhiwo ezinkulu lapho ukunakekelwa kwamandla kubaluleke kakhulu, nalapho kunezingqimba eziningi zokuvikela.

Umsebenzi Okabili: I-RCD ne-Circuit Breaker Kuhlanganiswe

Imishini eminingi yesimanje ihlanganisa imisebenzi ye-RCD naleyo ye-breaker circuit evamile. Lawa ngokuvamile abizwa ngokuthi ama-RCBO (Isiqhema Samanje Esisalela Ngokuvikela Okudlulele). Lokhu kusebenza okumbaxambili kusho ukuthi idivayisi ingavikela kukho kokubili ukuvuza kwamanje (njenge-RCD evamile) nokulayishwa ngokweqile noma amasekhethi amafushane (njenge-circuit breaker evamile). Lokhu kusebenza okuhlanganisiwe kusindisa isikhala kumaphaneli kagesi futhi kunikeza ukuvikeleka okuphelele kudivayisi eyodwa. Kuwusizo ikakhulukazi ezindlini nasemabhizinisini amancane lapho isikhala semishini kagesi singase sibe nomkhawulo.

Izilinganiso Ezihlukile Zokuzwela Zezinhlelo Ezihlukahlukene

Ama-RCD eza nezilinganiso ezihlukene zokuzwela ukuze afanele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene. Isilinganiso esivame kakhulu sokusetshenziswa kwasekhaya singu-30 mA, okunikeza ibhalansi enhle phakathi kokuphepha nokugwema ukukhubeka okungadingekile. Nokho, kwezinye izimo, ukuzwela okuhlukile kuyadingeka. Isibonelo, ezilungiselelweni zezimboni lapho kusetshenziswa khona imishini emikhulu, umthamo wamanje wohambo ophezulu (ofana no-100 noma 300 mA) ungasetshenziswa ukugwema ukukhubeka kwenkathazo okubangelwa ukusebenza okuvamile kwemishini. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ezindaweni ezizwela kakhulu njengamadamu okubhukuda noma izikhungo zezokwelapha, imisinga yohambo ephansi (efana no-10 mA) ingase isetshenziselwe ukuphepha okuphezulu. Lolu hlu lokuzwela luvumela ama-RCD ukuthi enziwe afanele izidingo ezithile zezindawo ezahlukene.

Isiphetho

Amadivayisi Amanje Ayinsalela (ama-RCD)zibalulekile ekuphepheni kukagesi ezindlini zethu nasezindaweni zokusebenza. Babona ngokushesha futhi bamise ukuvuza okuyingozi kukagesi, ukuvimbela ukushaqeka nemililo. Ngezici ezifana nokuzwela okuphezulu, isenzo esisheshayo, nokuhlola okulula, ama-RCD ahlinzeka ngokuvikeleka okuthembekile. Bangakwazi ukusebenza ngezilungiselelo ezahlukene, kusukela ezindlini zokugezela kuya ezimbonini, ukuzivumelanisa nezidingo ezihlukahlukene. Amanye ama-RCD aze ahlanganise imisebenzi eminingi, ayenze ibe wusizo kakhulu. Ukuhlola okuvamile kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi bahlala bekulungele ukusivikela. Njengoba sisebenzisa amadivaysi amaningi kagesi ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke, ama-RCD abaluleke nakakhulu. Zisinika ukuthula kwengqondo, ngokwazi ukuthi sivikelekile ezingozini zikagesi. Sekukonke, ama-RCD adlala indima ebalulekile ekusigcineni siphephile eduze kukagesi.