I-Molded Case Circuit Breaker

II-Molded Case Circuit Breaker (MCCB)iyisisekelo sokuphepha kukagesi kwesimanje, okuqinisekisa ukuthi amasekhethi kagesi avikelwa ngokuzenzakalelayo ezimeni eziyingozi njengokugcwala ngokweqile, amasekhethi amafushane, namaphutha aphansi. Embozwe ngepulasitiki ebunjiwe eqinile, ama-MCCB aklanyelwe ukusebenza ngokwethembeka ngisho nasezindaweni eziyinselele lapho ukwahlukanisa nokuvikelwa othulini, umswakama, nezinye izingozi kubalulekile. Idizayini yazo ehlangene, ehambisana nomthamo omkhulu ophazamisayo, izenza zisebenziseke ngezindlela eziningi futhi zibaluleke kakhulu kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza, kusukela emishinini yezimboni kuya ekusabalaliseni kwamandla okuhweba, ngisho nezinhlelo zikagesi zokuhlala.

Lesi sihloko sihlola izici ezibalulekile, izindlela, kanye nokusetshenziswa kweAma-MCCBs, eqokomisa indima yabo ebalulekile ekuphepheni nasekuthembekeni kukagesi.

Yini I-Molded Case Circuit Breaker?

II-Molded Case Circuit Breaker (MCCB)iwuhlobo lwedivayisi yokuvikela kagesi ephazamisa ukuhamba kwamandla phakathi nezimo zokusebenza ezingavamile. Embozwe ngegobolondo lepulasitiki elibunjiwe elivikelayo, ama-MCCB akhiwe ngokuqinile ukuze avikele izingxenye zangaphakathi ezicini zemvelo ezifana nothuli nomswakama kuyilapho ehlinzeka ngokufakwa kukagesi.

Ama-MCCB aklanyelwe uku:

• Phakamisa ugesiuma kwenzeka kune-overload, i-short circuit, noma iphutha eliphansi.
• Zisebenze mathuphaukuhlukanisa amasekhethi ngezinhloso zokunakekela noma zokuphepha.
• Bamba imisinga emikhulu, okubenza balungele izinhlelo zezimboni nezohwebo.

Yaboumthamo omkhulu wokuphazamisaibavumela ukuthi baphazamise ngokuphepha amaphutha aphezulu, banciphise ubungozi bokulimala kwemishini kagesi nokuvimbela imililo. Ama-MCCB eza ngosayizi abahlukahlukene kanye nezilinganiso, enikeza ukuguquguquka okuzosetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zikagesi.

I-Operation Mechanism yama-MCCBs

Ama-MCCB asebenzisa izindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko ukuthola nokusabela ezimweni zamanje ezingavamile:ukuvikelwa okushisayofuthiukuvikelwa kazibuthe. Lezi zindlela ziqinisekisa ukuthi i-MCCB ingaphendula ngempumelelo ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zamaphutha, noma ngabe zenzeka kancane kancane (ukulayisha ngokweqile) noma ngokushesha (isifunda esifushane).

1. I-Thermal Trip Mechanism

Iisici esishisayoku-MCCB umugqa we-bimetallic osabela ekushiseni okukhiqizwa amandla amaningi ngokweqile esikhathini esizinzile. Njengoba i-current egeleza ku-breaker ikhuphuka ngaphezu kwevelu elinganiselwe, i-strip iyashisa futhi iyagoba. Uma umucu ugoba ufike endaweni ethile, ucupha indlela yohambo, unqamule ukunikezwa kwamandla.

Le mpendulo yokushisa iklanyelwe ukuvikela ngokumeleneizimo zokugcwala ngokweqile, lapho i-current idlula inani elilinganiselwe kodwa ingabangeli umonakalo ngokushesha. Indlela yohambo olushisayo ivumela impendulo ebambezelekile, iqinisekisa ukuthi ukunyuka kwesikhashana kwamandla amanje (njengaphakathi nokuqaliswa kwezinjini) akubangeli ukuphazamiseka okungadingekile. Uma ukulayishwa ngokweqile kuqhubeka, nokho, i-MCCB izokhubeka futhi ivimbele ukushisisa ngokweqile kwezintambo noma okokusebenza okuxhunyiwe.

2. I-Magnetic Trip Mechanism

Iisici kazibutheye-MCCB inikeza isivikelo esisheshayo kumasekhethi amafushane. Ngesikhathi sokujikeleza okufushane, ukukhuphuka okukhulu kwamandla kugeleza ku-breaker. Lokhu kunyuka kukhiqiza inkambu kazibuthe enamandla ngokwanele ukuthi ingaginqa isinqamuli cishe ngokushesha, iphazamise umsinga ngaphambi kokuba kudale umonakalo omkhulu.

Indlela yokusebenza kazibuthe ibalulekile ekuvikeleni ngokumelene nayoizifunda ezimfushane, okwenzeka lapho kunendlela eqondile engahlosiwe kagesi, idlula umthwalo. Ama-short circuit ayingozi ngoba angabangela umonakalo omkhulu emishinini futhi aveze izingozi zomlilo. Ukusabela okusheshayo komshini wohambo kazibuthe we-MCCB kuvimbela amandla amanje ukuthi afinyelele emazingeni ayingozi, kuvikela ngempumelelo isistimu kagesi.

3. Izilungiselelo Zohambo Ezilungisekayo

Ama-MCCB amaningi afakweizilungiselelo zohambo ezilungisekayo, okuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi benze ngendlela oyifisayo ukusebenza komephuli ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezimfuneko ezithile zesistimu yabo. Lokhu kulungiswa kunikeza ukuguquguquka okukhulu ngokwemibandela yomibili imikhawulo yohambo olushisayo nokazibuthe.

Isibonelo, ezinhlelweni lapho kusetshenziswa khona amamotho, amandla okuqala angaba phezulu kakhulu kunowamanje osebenzayo ojwayelekile. Ngokulungisa izilungiselelo zohambo olushisayo, opharetha bangavimbela ukukhubeka okungadingekile kuyilapho besaqinisekisa ukuthi isistimu ivikelekile phakathi nokulayishwa okude okude. Ngokufanayo, ukulungisa izilungiselelo zohambo kazibuthe kuvumela umephuli ukuthi aphendule kahle kumasekhethi amafushane wokuqina okuhlukahlukene.

4. Ukusebenza okwenziwa ngesandla nokuzenzakalelayo

Ama-MCCB aklanyelwe kokubiliimanuwalifuthiukusebenza okuzenzakalelayo. Ezimweni ezijwayelekile, i-breaker ingasetshenzwa mathuphavula noma vala amasekhethi, okwenza kube lula ukulungisa noma ukuhlola amasistimu kagesi ngokuphepha.

Uma kwenzeka kuba nephutha likagesi, i-MCCB izokhubeka ngokuzenzakalelayo, inqamule ugesi ukuze ivikele uhlelo. Le nhlanganisela yokusebenza okwenziwa ngesandla nokuzenzakalelayo ithuthukisa ukuguquguquka kokusebenza, okuvumela ukugcinwa okuhleliwe nokuvikelwa kwamaphutha okungahleliwe.

5. Ibanga Elibanzi Lezilinganiso Zamanje

Ama-MCCB atholakala ku-aububanzi bezilinganiso zamanje, ukusuka kokuphansi njengokungu-10 ama-ampere (A) ukuya phezulu njengokungu-2,500 A noma ngaphezulu. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zizenza zifanelekele ukusetshenziswa kuzo zonke izimboni nezindawo ezihlukahlukene, kusukela ezakhiweni zokuhlala kuya ezikhungweni ezinkulu zezimboni.

Ikhono lokukhetha i-MCCB enezilinganiso zamanje ezifanele liqinisekisa ukuthi owephula umthetho unikeza ukuvikeleka okuthembekile ngaphandle kokukhubeka kungenasidingo phakathi nokusebenza okuvamile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-MCCB angakalwa ngama-voltage ahlukene, okuhlanganisa amasistimu kagesi aphansi (LV) kanye ne-medium voltage (MV), okuqhubekisela phambili ukuthuthukisa ukuguquguquka kwawo.

Izicelo ze-MCCBs

Ngenxa yokuguquguquka nokusebenza okuphezulu, ama-MCCB asetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo eziningiizimboni nezindawo. Izicelo ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa:

1. Amasistimu wezimboni

Ezilungiselelweni zezimboni, ama-MCCB abalulekile ekuvikeleni imishini esindayo, ama-transformer, namasistimu kagesi amakhulu kusukela kumaphutha angaholela ekulimaleni kwemishini, ukungasebenzi, noma imililo. Ama-MCCB anezilinganiso eziphakeme zamanje namandla aphazamisayo aphezulu abaluleke kakhulu ezimbonini ezifana nezokukhiqiza, izimayini, uwoyela negesi, kanye nokukhiqiza amandla, lapho amasistimu kagesi ethola khona imithwalo ephezulu namandla okungenzeka abe namaphutha.

2. Izakhiwo Zokuhweba

Ezakhiweni zezentengiselwano ezinjengenxanxathela yezitolo, izakhiwo zamahhovisi, nezibhedlela, ama-MCCB adlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusatshalaliswa kwamandla kagesi okuphephile nokuthembekile. Lezi zigebengu zivikela amasistimu e-HVAC, izibani, amakheshi, nezinye izinhlelo zokwakha ezibalulekile ekulayisheni ngokweqile namasekhethi amafushane, okusiza ukugcina ukusebenza okuqhubekayo nokunciphisa ubungozi kubahlali.

3. Ukusetshenziswa Kwezindawo Zokuhlala

Nakuba amasistimu kagesi asezindaweni zokuhlala evamise ukusebenzisa izinto zokuvikela ezisezingeni elincane njengama-miniature circuit breaker (MCBs), ama-MCCB ngezinye izikhathi asetshenziswa ezindaweni zokuhlala ezinkulu noma lapho kudingeka khona ukuvikelwa kwamaphutha aphezulu, njengasezindlini noma ezindlini ezinemithwalo emikhulu kagesi (isb. iziteshi zokushaja izimoto). Ama-MCCB ahlinzeka ngesiqiniseko esengeziwe sokuvikela emaphutheni kagesi amabi kakhulu kulezi zimo.

4. I-Renewable Energy Systems

Njengoba amasistimu wamandla avuselelekayo afana nokufakwa kwamandla elanga nawomoya kuvame kakhulu, ama-MCCB aya ngokuya esetshenziswa ukuvikela ama-inverter, ama-transformer, namanethiwekhi okusabalalisa ngaphakathi kwalezi zinhlelo. Amandla okulungisa amasethingi ohambo avumela ama-MCCB ukuthi amukele imithwalo kagesi ehlukahlukene nezimo ezivamile zemithombo yamandla avuselelekayo.

5. Okusetshenziswayo Nengqalasizinda

Ama-MCCB aphinde atshalwe ezinhlelweni zikagesi zesikali esisetshenziswayo, okuhlanganisa amanethiwekhi okusabalalisa amandla, iziteshi ezincane, nengqalasizinda ebalulekile njengamasistimu ezokuthutha nezikhungo zedatha. Lapha, baqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhubekayo kwezinsizakalo ezibalulekile ngokuvikela ngokumelene namaphutha kagesi angaholela ekunqamukeni okusabalele noma ukulimala.

Izinzuzo ze-Molded Case Circuit Breakers

Ama-MCCB anikezela ngezinzuzo eziningi eziwenza abe yinketho ekhethwayo yokuvikela ugesi ezinhlelweni ezahlukahlukene:

1. Ukuguquguquka

Ama-MCCB aguquguquka kakhulu ngenxa yobubanzi bawo bezilinganiso zamanje kanye ne-voltage, izilungiselelo zohambo ezilungisekayo, kanye nekhono lokusingatha kokubili amaza aphansi namaphutha aphezulu. Lokhu kuguquguquka kubenza bafanelekele ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene, kusukela ezakhiweni zokuhlala kuya ezitshalweni ezinkulu zezimboni.

2. Ukuthembeka okuphezulu

Ukwakhiwa okuqinile nezindlela zohambo ezithembekile ze-MCCBs ziqinisekisa ukuthi zinikeza ukuvikeleka okungaguquki ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Umthamo wawo omkhulu wokuphazamisa usho ukuthi noma kwenzeka kuba namaphutha amakhulu, ama-MCCB azonqamula isekethe ngokuphephile ngaphandle kokwehluleka.

3. Ukuphepha

Ngokuvimbela ukugcwala ngokweqile, amasekhethi amafushane, namaphutha aphansi, ama-MCCB adlala indima ebalulekile ekuvikeleni kokubili okokusebenza kukagesi nabasebenzi ezimeni eziyingozi. Ikesi elibunjiwe lihlinzeka ngokuvikela nokuvikela imvelo, kuyilapho indlela yohambo oluzenzakalelayo iqinisekisa ukuthi amaphutha alungiswa ngokushesha.

4. Ukugcinwa Okulula

Ama-MCCB angasetshenziswa kalula ngesandla ngezinjongo zokunakekela, okuvumela amasekhethi ukuba ahlukaniswe ngokuphephile ngaphandle kokudinga ukuvala shaqa okuphelele kwesistimu. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukuhlola, ukulungisa, noma ukuthuthukisa ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ezinye izingxenye zenethiwekhi kagesi.

5. I-Space-Saving Design

Idizayini ehlangene yama-MCCB iwavumela ukuthi asetshenziswe ezindaweni eziqinile, njengamaphaneli kagesi nama-switchboards, ngaphandle kokudela ukusebenza. Ikhono labo lokusingatha imisinga emikhulu efomini elincane libaluleke kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokusebenza lapho isikhala silinganiselwe.

Isiphetho

I I-Molded Case Circuit Breaker(MCCB)iyingxenye ebalulekile ezinhlelweni zokusabalalisa ugesi, enikeza isixazululo esiguquguqukayo, esithembekile, nesisebenzayo sokuvikela amasekhethi ekulayishweni ngokweqile, amasekhethi amafushane, namaphutha aphansi. Nge-casing yayo eqinile ebunjiwe, umthamo omkhulu wokuphazamisa, nezilungiselelo zohambo ezilungisekayo, i-MCCB ilungele uhla olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza kuyo yonke imikhakha yezimboni, ezohwebo, zokuhlala, kanye nezamandla avuselelekayo.

Ukuthi asetshenziselwa ukuvikela imishini yezimboni esindayo, ukugcina ukusebenza okuphephile ezakhiweni zezentengiselwano, noma ukuqinisekisa ukugeleza okuqhubekayo kwamandla avuselelekayo, ama-MCCB ahlinzeka ngokuphepha nokuthembeka okudingekayo kumasistimu kagesi wesimanje. Inhlanganisela yabo yezindlela zokuhamba ezishisayo nezikazibuthe iqinisekisa ukuthi amaphutha atholwa ngokushesha futhi axazululwe, kuncishiswe izingozi kumishini nakubasebenzi ngokufanayo.

Kafushane, i-MCCB ayigcini nje ngokuvikela ukufakwa kukagesi kodwa futhi iqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhubekayo nokuphephile kwamanethiwekhi okusabalalisa amandla, okuwenza ithuluzi elibalulekile emhlabeni wesimanje wobunjiniyela bakagesi.